Before discussing the methods to control the speed of three phase induction motor one should know the necessary formulas of speed. The different methods of speed control of induction motor can be broadly classified in to scalar and vector control methods. Induction motor control is complex due to its nonlinear. Generally, a dc motor consists of either an electromagnet or a permanent magnet and a wounded coil known as the armature. Therefore the efficiency of three phase induction motor is reduced by this method of speed control. Fault diagnosis of induction motor using plc open access.
Plc trip logic or interlock has to be enable only when motor is in remote mode. The vfd can be controlled remotely by using plcdcs systems the plc has to give set point for vfd drive to control the motor speed, this can achieved either automatically from the plc or by the operator action from the hmi. Induction motors have been used widely in different fields ranging from domestic appliances to industrial machinery. Input and output components of the processes are connected to the plc. This video explains the basics of analog io programming using rs logix 500 plc software with an example. The basic structure of the plc is illustrated in fig. Pdf speed control of three phase induction motor using plc. Component of speed control of im by plc miniature circuit breaker mcb.
Induction motor speed and direction controller project serves this purpose of controlling the speed and direction of the induction motor. Speed control of induction motor by using inverter vfd. Speed control of three phase induction motor using plc under. The system is designed using a plc for intelligent control on a threephase induction motor and dc generator. The plc correlates the operational parameters to the speed requested by. There are more than one methods to control the speed of induction motor, you can choose one depending on your resources, efficiency required etc.
Several conventional and numerical controller type intended for controlling ac motor speed at its executing various task pid controller, fuzzy logic controller or the. Speed control of induction motor by variable frequency control variable frequency control is a method which is used to control the speed of an induction motor. There are different methods of starting of 3phase slipring induction motor. We can easily changing in hardware compare to microcontroller. A novel method of induction motor speed control using plc. To address this problem, a plcbased control system was designed for a threephase induction motor. This is plc program to control motor speed using vfd drive. More than 90% of motors used in industries are squirrel cage induction motor due to its rugged and maintenance free design. When connected to main power supply, induction motors run at their rated speed, however there are many applications where variable speed operations are required.
The paper is about controlling the speed of a three phase induction motor using variable frequency drive power flex 4m through programmable logic. It is hard to learn anything valueable from that page. It is based on freescales 56f800e microcontrollers. Journal of engineering research and application issn. Control of induction motors by using programmable logic. Dc motor speed control system the speed control of a motor is frequently required in industrial applications, robotics, home. Speed control of induction motor 7 ways to control. The synchronous speed and therefore, the speed of the motor can be controlled by varying the supply frequency. Implementation of plc based star delta starter for starting and direction control of three phase induction motor shruti kharait, prof. Speed control of induction motor drive using universal controller abstract. Record all nameplate information for the induction motor. In this chapter, speed control of a dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm technique is described.
Speed control of an induction motor there is a various method of speed control of an induction motor. Speed control of single phase induction motor using triac. The plc has to give set point for vfd drive to control the motor speed, this can achieved either automatically from the plc or by the operator action from the hmi. Induction motor speed control using plc and scada irjet.
The speed of induction motor can be adjusted to great extent so as to provide easy control and high performance. Speed control of induction motor using vf improved performance of adjustablespeed drives is associated with a variable frequency stator supply. How to control the speed of an induction motor quora. An induction motors speed enables affected by the supply frequency, change the number of motor stators, adjust the power input. According to set point value, plc will control the drive speed and vfd drive finally controls the motor speed. Here we are going to implement the above said idea using programmable logic controllerplc. The electric motor speed is fixed when ac motor is connected to ac line. From our project vf speed control of three phase induction motor using plc and scada, we conclude that automatic and manually control of variable speed of motor using plc and scada. Speed control of induction motor using vf improved performance of adjustable speed drives is associated with a variable frequency stator supply.
Speed control of induction motor 7 ways to control induction. Speed control of induction motor by variable frequency control. They can be used in control of motors used in conveyors and other machinery. Also the induction motor can be run in either of the two directions which is quite useful in many applications. The synchronous speed of an induction motor is given by the relation shown below. Jun 14, 2018 synchronous speed where, f frequency and p is the number of poles. In this project paper microcontroller based system to control speed of induction motor is developed using pulse width modulation technique 2. In addition, electronics can reduce the systems average power consumption and noise generation of the motor. Induction motors are widely used in industry because of their rigidity and speed control flexibility. Home technical articles basic plc program for control of a threephase ac motor for beginners motor starter while the lighting control system previously discussed is useful to explain basic plc operation, a more practical, and only slightly more complex, application is startstop control of an ac motor.
To control the speed of these motor, a motor drive and control system with different methods can be used. Implementation of plc based star delta starter for. Speed control of three phase induction motor using plc. Starting and speed control of 3phase slipring induction. While controlling servo motor from plc, we will require a servo drive. Induction motor driven by vfd, with plc as a controller provided high accuracy. Different speed control methods of induction motor are explained below. Sudhir phulambrikar student iv sem, department of electrical engineering, sati, vidisha m. The speed control of induction motor is done at the price of reduce in efficiency and low power factor. Feb 04, 2019 while controlling servo motor from plc, we will require a servo drive. S7 200 siemens plc control speed of ac motor using step7 microwin software also using kips server for communication between step 7 with controlling gui. The vfd can be controlled remotely by using plc dcs systems.
Ac motor speed control with plc using step7 microwin part1. Speed control of induction motor drive using universal. This necessitates a speed control mechanism that is efficient and is also safe to use. Speed control of induction motor using pi and pid controller. When the speed control of three phase induction motor is done by adding resistance in rotor circuit, some part of power called, the slip power is lost as i 2 r losses. The airgap flux is directly proportional to the stator applied voltage and inversely proportional to the frequency. You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance using a dmm.
Speed control of a three phase induction motor using pwm. The diagram in figure 1 shows an operator station used to manually control a vs drive. The response of the controller to load variations is looked at. Jun 06, 2016 speed control of induction motor using plc and vfd 1. Noida abstract this paper presents a technique to control.
Three ways to control a singlephase induction motor design. Induction motor speed control project serves this purpose of controlling the speed of. Implementation of plc based star delta starter for starting. Also, the implementation of the hardware and software for speed control and protection with the results obtained from tests on induction motor performance is provided. The motor is mounted in a test rig that allows one to control the torque applied to the motor shaft and to measure both rpm and torque.
In this study, the plc measures the current, the voltage, the temperature, and the speed of. Induction motor control is complex due to its nonlinear characteristics. Motor speed control using vfd and plc programming ladder. Fabrication of monitoring and control system for 3 phase induction motor based on programmable logic controller plc technology. A three phase induction motor is mostly a constant speed motor so its fairly not easy to control its speed. Although a range of induction motor control techniques are available, generating variable frequency supply. Jun 07, 2012 this control technique is called as variable frequency control. Presented here is a robust system for switching onoff, varying the speed and direction of rotation of an industrial 3 phase induction motor using vfd and plc.
The rotor speed of an induction motor is given by the equation shown below. Speed control of three phase induction motor electrical4u. Induction motor speed control using plc and scada vaibhav gupta professor, dept. Scalar control is the term used to describe a simpler form of motor control, using nonvectorcontrolled drive schemes. I need more knowledge on motor connections and motor speed control. Design and implementation of plc based monitoring control. Apr 22, 2017 s7 200 siemens plc control speed of ac motor using step7 microwin software also using kips server for communication between step 7 with controlling gui. Pdf design of a plcbased variable load, speed control system. Bexperimental setup the allen bradley power flex4m ac drive is the most cost effective and smallest drives which in a compact and space saving design provide a powerful motor speed control.
Vf speed control of three phase induction motor by using. The speed control using pi and pid control modes is explained and an implementation of the controller using opamps is given. Pdf direct torque control for induction motor using. The main aim of this honours degree project paper emphasizes on the development of a general purpose universal board that is capable of controlling the speed of single or three phase induction motor with minor software and hardware modifications. The aim of this project is to limit the starting current and increase the starting torque and to control the speed of a three phase slip ring induction motor by rotor resistance control method using programmable logic control. Pdf speed control of induction motor using plc and scada. Generally an induction motor operates at almost constant speed as the load is varied. An843, speed control of 3phase induction motor using. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time i comment. Pdf design of a plcbased variable load, speed control.
Methods of speed control of induction motor electrical concepts. The system is designed using a plc for intelligent control on a threephase induction motor and. Control and protection of induction motor can achieved easily by using duction motor in speed and position control modes of operation using plc. Speed control of ac motor using plc pdf keywords induction motor, rotor resistance, protection, speed control, plc. Sometimes theyre talking about induction motors, other times not, and they dont specify which is which, or even which induction motor type they are talking about. Plc application for speed control of ac motors with vsd. Servo drive will take the command pulses from plc output and will rotate the motor, as commanded by pulses. To address this problem, a plc based control system was designed for a threephase induction motor. In this study, the plc measures the current, the voltage, the temperature, and the speed of an induction motor through analog inputs. Plc analog programming and speed control of ac motor using plc.
The aim behind the development of the project is to limit the current at starting of motor and to develop the high starting torque. There are two types of speed control method of three phase induction motor. Ac induction motor speed control so what can we do to control the speed of an ac induction motor. Induction motors are widely used in industry because of their rigidity and speedcontrol flexibility. Various automation processes in the industry need control of ac induction motors using ac drives. The speed of induction motor is given by, where, n is the speed of rotor of induction motor, ns is the synchronous speed, s is the slip. Direct current is applied to the armature by means of a carbon brush or by means of electromagnetic induction. Synchronous speed where, f frequency and p is the number of poles. A common plc application is the speed control of ac motors with variable speed vs drives. Abstract the paper is about controlling the speed of a three phase induction motor using variable frequency drivevfd through programmable logic.
Out of all the electrical machines, induction motor is the most used machine in industries. Pdf induction motor speed control using plc and scada. As induction motors are widely being used, their speed control may be required in many applications. Plc has to stop the motor if the stop button is pressed. While the lighting control system previously discussed is useful to explain basic plc operation, a more practical, and only slightly more complex, application is startstop control of an ac motor. Vf speed control of three phase induction motor by using plc. An843, speed control of 3phase induction motor using pic18 mcus. Controlling 3phase induction motors using vfd and plc. The paper is about speed control of three phase induction motor using plc programmable logic controller through vfd variable frequency drive.
Several conventional and numerical controller type intended for controlling ac motor speed at its executing various task pid. The speed of the motor is controlled by varying the frequency through pulse width modulated pwm signals applied to the gate of the power mosfets. Plc motor control ladder logic programming motor control. From the equation 1 it is clear that the motor speed can be changed by a change in frequency f, a number of poles p, and slip s. Plc has to start a motor when the start button is pressed and interlocks must be in healthy condition. Methods of speed control of induction motor electrical. Before examining the plc program, first consider a hardwired approach. Introduction this application note describes the design of a 3phase ac induction motor drive with volts per hertz control in closedloop vhz cl. Starting and speed control of 3phase slipring induction motor using plc bhavani a r, student department of electrical and electronics engineering jain institute of technology, davanagere, karnataka577003 srikanth t, student department of electrical and electronics engineering jain institute of technology, davanagere, karnataka57703. If you want to control induction motor speed, save yourself a lot of grief and get a 3phase motor.
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